How do scientists study ecosystems?
科學家如何研究生態字統?
一些科學家直接研究大自然,它們會使用領域探索ˋ地理學資訊系統的軟體去拿取它們所需的資料;一些科學家則是在實驗室裡找答案;有些科學家則使用模型生態系統來得到它們所需的要求.
2008年11月20日 星期四
3-2問題討論
What keeps us and other organisms alive?
是什麼東西讓我們和其他生物體維持生命嗎？ Scientific studies reveal that the earth's life-support system consists of four main spherical systems that interact with one another-the atmosphere,the hydrosphere,the geosphere,and the biosphere.The atmosphere is a thin spherical envelope of gases surrounding the earth's surface.The geosphere consists of the earth's intensely hot core,a thick mantle composed mostly of rock,and a thin outer crust.makeup 翻譯
藉由流動在生物圈的太陽能量、循環在生物圈的營養素和重力來維持生命.
維持生物生存主要有4種組成:氣圈.水圈.地圈.生物圈氣圈:78%是氮氣.21%是氧氣.1%是其他氣體..還分有對流層.平流層等..水圈:不只有液體 水蒸氣也是 而海占全球71%地圈:有炎熱的地核和很多石頭組成的地殼生物圈:綜合所有的組成空氣.水.土壤.生物等...藉由流動在生物圈的太陽能量、循環在生物圈的營養素和重力來維持生命.
是什麼東西讓我們和其他生物體維持生命嗎？ Scientific studies reveal that the earth's life-support system consists of four main spherical systems that interact with one another-the atmosphere,the hydrosphere,the geosphere,and the biosphere.The atmosphere is a thin spherical envelope of gases surrounding the earth's surface.The geosphere consists of the earth's intensely hot core,a thick mantle composed mostly of rock,and a thin outer crust.makeup 翻譯
藉由流動在生物圈的太陽能量、循環在生物圈的營養素和重力來維持生命.
維持生物生存主要有4種組成:氣圈.水圈.地圈.生物圈氣圈:78%是氮氣.21%是氧氣.1%是其他氣體..還分有對流層.平流層等..水圈:不只有液體 水蒸氣也是 而海占全球71%地圈:有炎熱的地核和很多石頭組成的地殼生物圈:綜合所有的組成空氣.水.土壤.生物等...藉由流動在生物圈的太陽能量、循環在生物圈的營養素和重力來維持生命.
3-1問題討論
What is ecology?
什麼是生態？
Cells are the basic units of life.All organisms are composed of cells : the smallest and most fundamental structural and functional units of life.Organisms may consist of a single cell or plants and animals that contain huge numbers of cells.Species make up the encyclopedia of life. A species is a group of similar organisms that generally resemble one another in their appearance,behavior,chemistry,and genetic makeup. 翻譯:
細胞是生活基本的單位 。所有有機體由細胞組成 : 生活最小和最根本的結構和功能部件 。包含細胞的巨大數目的有機體也許包括單細胞或植物和動物種類编辑百科全書的生活。種類是通常互相類似在他們的出現、行為、化學和基因構成上的一個小組相似的有機體。
回答:
生態，是指生物如何與它們的環境互動，找一個適合它們生存的地方。而Ecology:在希臘文是”家”或”生活的地方”,是一門學問關於物種間如何的互動,生存在這個環境中,且也有和別的物種和無機物(土.水.能量.物質.陽光..)生存,簡單的來說,就是物種與環境之間相互關係的科學。原子->分子->細胞--->有機體->族群->群集->生態系統->生物圈每個族群間都會有些微的變化,是指存在物種或物種間的基因多樣性。生物圈包括了地圈.氣圈.水圈。
什麼是生態？
Cells are the basic units of life.All organisms are composed of cells : the smallest and most fundamental structural and functional units of life.Organisms may consist of a single cell or plants and animals that contain huge numbers of cells.Species make up the encyclopedia of life. A species is a group of similar organisms that generally resemble one another in their appearance,behavior,chemistry,and genetic makeup. 翻譯:
細胞是生活基本的單位 。所有有機體由細胞組成 : 生活最小和最根本的結構和功能部件 。包含細胞的巨大數目的有機體也許包括單細胞或植物和動物種類编辑百科全書的生活。種類是通常互相類似在他們的出現、行為、化學和基因構成上的一個小組相似的有機體。
回答:
生態，是指生物如何與它們的環境互動，找一個適合它們生存的地方。而Ecology:在希臘文是”家”或”生活的地方”,是一門學問關於物種間如何的互動,生存在這個環境中,且也有和別的物種和無機物(土.水.能量.物質.陽光..)生存,簡單的來說,就是物種與環境之間相互關係的科學。原子->分子->細胞--->有機體->族群->群集->生態系統->生物圈每個族群間都會有些微的變化,是指存在物種或物種間的基因多樣性。生物圈包括了地圈.氣圈.水圈。
2-3問題討論
How Can Matter Change?
問題怎麼改變？
We Cannot Create or Destroy Matter
We can change elements and compounds from one physical or chemical form to another, but we can never create or destroy any of the atoms involved in any physical or chemical change. All we can do is rearrange the elements and compounds into different spatial patterns (physical changer) or combinations (chemical changes). These statements, based on many thousands of measurements, describe a scientific law known as the law of conservation of matter:when a physical or chemical change occurs, no atoms are created or destroyed.
This law means there is no "away" as in "to throw away." Everything we think we have thrown away remains here with us in some form. We can reuse or recycle some materials and chemicals but the law of conservation of matter means we will always face the problem of what to do with some quantity of the wastes and pollutants we produce.
翻譯
我們不可能創造或毀壞問題
我們可以從一個物理或化工形式改變元素到另一種化合物，但是我們不可以創造或毀壞在任何物理或化学变化介入的其中任一個原子。 我們可以做的所有是重新整理元素和化合物入不同的空间图案(物理更換者)或組合(化学变化)。 這些聲明，根據許多數以萬計測量，描述叫作物质守恒定律的科學法律：当物理或化学变化发生时，原子沒有被創造也沒有被毀壞。
這法律意味沒有去的作为投擲。 我們認為的一切我們投擲了保持這裡與我們以某种形式。 我們可以重複利用或回收有些材料和化學製品，但是物质守恒定律我們永远將面對的問題如何处理廢物和汙染物的某一數量我們生產的手段。
問題討論
因物質守恆定律,當前我們應該探討的是如何將廢棄物回收再利用.或者盡量將物品作容易分解的材質這樣才不會繼續增加地球的汙染.
問題怎麼改變？
We Cannot Create or Destroy Matter
We can change elements and compounds from one physical or chemical form to another, but we can never create or destroy any of the atoms involved in any physical or chemical change. All we can do is rearrange the elements and compounds into different spatial patterns (physical changer) or combinations (chemical changes). These statements, based on many thousands of measurements, describe a scientific law known as the law of conservation of matter:when a physical or chemical change occurs, no atoms are created or destroyed.
This law means there is no "away" as in "to throw away." Everything we think we have thrown away remains here with us in some form. We can reuse or recycle some materials and chemicals but the law of conservation of matter means we will always face the problem of what to do with some quantity of the wastes and pollutants we produce.
翻譯
我們不可能創造或毀壞問題
我們可以從一個物理或化工形式改變元素到另一種化合物，但是我們不可以創造或毀壞在任何物理或化学变化介入的其中任一個原子。 我們可以做的所有是重新整理元素和化合物入不同的空间图案(物理更換者)或組合(化学变化)。 這些聲明，根據許多數以萬計測量，描述叫作物质守恒定律的科學法律：当物理或化学变化发生时，原子沒有被創造也沒有被毀壞。
這法律意味沒有去的作为投擲。 我們認為的一切我們投擲了保持這裡與我們以某种形式。 我們可以重複利用或回收有些材料和化學製品，但是物质守恒定律我們永远將面對的問題如何处理廢物和汙染物的某一數量我們生產的手段。
問題討論
因物質守恆定律,當前我們應該探討的是如何將廢棄物回收再利用.或者盡量將物品作容易分解的材質這樣才不會繼續增加地球的汙染.
2008年11月7日 星期五
2-4 問題討論
2-4 問題討論
What is Energy and how can it change form?
它怎麼是什麼能量和改變形式？
Some Types of Energy Are More Useful Than Others
能量的一些類型比其他有用
Energy quality is measure of an energy source capacity to do useful work
High-quality energy is concentrated and can perform much useful work
EX- amples are very high-temperature heat nuclear fission concentrated sunlight
High-velocity wind and energy released by burning natural gas gasoline or coal
By contrast low-quality energy is dispersed and has little capacity to do useful work
An example is heat dispersed in the moving molecules of a large amount of
Matter (such as the atmosphere or an ocean) so that its temperature is low
The total amount of heat stored in the Atlantic ocean is greater than the amount of high-quality chemical energy stored in all the oil deposits of Saudi Arabia yet because the oceans heat is so widely dispersed it cannot be used to move things or to heat things to high temperatures
翻譯
能量質量是能源能力的措施完成有用的工作 集中優質能量并且可能进行有用的工作前的amples是非常高溫熱核分裂被集中的陽光高速風和能量通过燒天然气汽油或煤炭發布了相反低品質能量被分散并且有一点能力完成有用的工作例子是在移動的分子分散的熱很多事關(例如大氣或海洋)，以便它的溫度是低的在大西洋存放的熱的总额比在沙特阿拉伯的所有石油储备存放的相当数量偉大優質化学能，因為海洋熱那么廣泛被分散它不可能被用于移動事或加熱事到高溫
What is Energy and how can it change form?
它怎麼是什麼能量和改變形式？
Some Types of Energy Are More Useful Than Others
能量的一些類型比其他有用
Energy quality is measure of an energy source capacity to do useful work
High-quality energy is concentrated and can perform much useful work
EX- amples are very high-temperature heat nuclear fission concentrated sunlight
High-velocity wind and energy released by burning natural gas gasoline or coal
By contrast low-quality energy is dispersed and has little capacity to do useful work
An example is heat dispersed in the moving molecules of a large amount of
Matter (such as the atmosphere or an ocean) so that its temperature is low
The total amount of heat stored in the Atlantic ocean is greater than the amount of high-quality chemical energy stored in all the oil deposits of Saudi Arabia yet because the oceans heat is so widely dispersed it cannot be used to move things or to heat things to high temperatures
翻譯
能量質量是能源能力的措施完成有用的工作 集中優質能量并且可能进行有用的工作前的amples是非常高溫熱核分裂被集中的陽光高速風和能量通过燒天然气汽油或煤炭發布了相反低品質能量被分散并且有一点能力完成有用的工作例子是在移動的分子分散的熱很多事關(例如大氣或海洋)，以便它的溫度是低的在大西洋存放的熱的总额比在沙特阿拉伯的所有石油储备存放的相当数量偉大優質化学能，因為海洋熱那么廣泛被分散它不可能被用于移動事或加熱事到高溫
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